Thyroid Problems and Infertility in Kolkata — The Silent Fertility Disruptor

Understanding This Condition

The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate virtually every metabolic process — including reproductive function. Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid, high TSH) disrupts ovulation, causes irregular periods, impairs implantation, and increases miscarriage risk. Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid, low TSH) also disrupts menstrual cycles and can cause fetal complications in pregnancy. Even subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH between 2.5–4.0) can impair fertility and IVF outcomes in women trying to conceive.

Symptoms & Diagnosis

Women with irregular periods, unexplained weight changes, fatigue, hair loss, depression, or feeling persistently cold or hot — especially those diagnosed with or suspected of thyroid disorder. All women planning fertility treatment at Maatritva IVF have TSH routinely checked as part of the first consultation panel.

Treatment Options

• 1Step 1: TSH, free T3, free T4, and thyroid antibody (TPO-Ab) testing
• 2Step 2: For hypothyroidism — levothyroxine started, dose adjusted to achieve TSH < 2.5 mIU/L for conception
• 3Step 3: For autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's) — monitoring for progression, selenium supplementation
• 4Step 4: Ovulation assessment once thyroid is optimised — many women ovulate regularly after TSH correction
• 5Step 5: IUI or IVF if needed — with close thyroid monitoring throughout treatment and pregnancy
• 6Step 6: Pregnancy monitoring — TSH increases by 30–50% in pregnancy; dose adjustment usually required by Week 6